Bible Calendar
  • Home
  • Calendar 2024
  • Start today!
  • Blog
  • Videos
  • Español
  • Contact us

Exodus 14 - 15:21 and Psalm 7

1/20/2012

0 Comments

 
         For many of us, it is difficult to conceive the profound joy, amazement, relief and thankfulness that the Israelites feel when, with their feet firmly planted on the eastern shore of the Red Sea, they watch the complete destruction of their enemies by Yahweh’s power.
         Few among us have felt the weight of generations of slavery, made even heavier because their oppressors not only give cruel punishments and constant humiliation in exchange for free labor, but they actively seek the extermination of their people.
         Few among us know the terror someone feels when an armed oppressor that has struck fear in her heart reaching back for generations races in pursuit of her to vent all of his wrath on her and has her cornered with her back to the sea.  Few have experienced the sudden, shocking relief to see that armed oppressor overthrown in the moment of his greatest strength, when it appears that he is at the point of fulfilling his unrighteous desires.
         Who knows how many Israelite mothers, when they saw the bodies of the Egyptian soldiers disappear between the waves, cried tears in recognition of Yahweh’s righteous judgment that avenged the babies that were stolen from their arms and thrown into the Nile River?  Who knows how many of the elderly saw in the drowning of their oppressors Yahweh’s righteous judgment against the drowning of so many brothers, nephews, companions and even sons whom they never knew longer than a few days because their lives were taken by their Egyptian overlords?
         Who can blame the Israelites for celebrating Yahweh’s decisive victory over their oppressors with great joy?
         As they celebrate in song, they immediately praise the One who earned the victory: “I will sing to the LORD, for he has triumphed gloriously” (Exodus 15:1).  They sing out the details of their rescue, and they praise Him for His power, righteousness, holiness and mercy that all shone forth when He did it.  They joyfully declare their personal connection with His rescue: “The LORD is my strength and my song, and he has become my salvation; this is my God, and I will praise him, my father’s God, and I will exalt him” (Exodus 15:2).  And they look ahead to the future fulfillment of His promises: “The peoples have heard; they tremble; pangs have seized the inhabitants of Philistia.  Now are the chiefs of Edom dismayed; trembling seizes the leaders of Moab; all the nations of Canaan have melted away” (Exodus 15:14-15).  You will bring them in and plant them on your own mountain, the place, O LORD, which you have made for your abode, the sanctuary, O Lord, which your hands have established” (Exodus 15:17).  And at the very end, they praise Yahweh for His righteousness: “The LORD will reign forever and ever” (Exodus 15:18).
         In response, Miriam and the women encourage the men to continue their praise when they respond in tambourine and dancing, underlining the salvation that they all enjoy now: “Sing to the LORD, for he has triumphed gloriously; the horse and the rider he has thrown into the sea” (Exodus 15:21).
         Here we have the first example of another theme that will appear throughout the Bible: praise and worship to Yahweh given in songs and poetic declarations in response to His wonderful salvation / rescue.  We’ll see it after battles, like Deborah’s song in Judges 5; we’ll see it in response to individual acts of salvation like Hannah’s prayer in 1 Samuel 2.  The incomparable Biblical example is the whole book of Psalms.  And it will continue in the New Testament as God’s people celebrate salvation in Jesus Christ (for example, Luke 1:46-55, 67-79; Revelation 5:11-14).
         Today the apostle Paul encourages us, “Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly, teaching and admonishing one another in all wisdom, singing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, with thankfulness in your hearts to God” (Colossians 3:16).  And if you attend a service at a Christian church, you normally will find a lot of time dedicated to singing to the Lord, celebrating like the Israelites His rescue from oppressive forces.
         Our oppressors, even though they aren’t armed with swords and spears like Pharaoh’s soldiers, had reduced us to slavery.  We’ve felt the weight of sin’s oppression for generations.  We’ve felt the chains of slavery when we wanted to leave our sins and couldn’t.  We’ve seen death pursue and reach one family member after another, robbing us of the ones we love most.
         And then we heard the good news of God’s rescue / redemption / salvation in Jesus Christ.  We see Him as our Redeemer from the slavery of sin by the blood that He shed on the cross as our Substitute sacrificed for our sins.  He defeated death in His resurrection from the dead, and by faith we share in His victory through our promised future resurrection.  And that’s why we sing and celebrate the defeat of our most vicious oppressors, sin and death, through the substitutionary death and the resurrection of Jesus Christ.  Like the Israelites, we celebrate Yahweh’s salvation with profound joy, amazement, relief and thankfulness because He has defeated our enemies decisively.
0 Comments

Exodus 11 - 13

1/20/2012

0 Comments

 
         In Genesis 35 at Bethel, the patriarch Jacob leads his family in worship of Yahweh.  Since then, more than 400 years have passed, and we have not read of an act of worship that included all of the Israelites.  Now in Exodus 11 – 13 we going to read about an unforgettable act of worship, one so important that it is going to initiate the Israelites’ calendar, mark a decisive step in their formation as a nation and be celebrated regularly by Israel’s descendants even to the present day.
         First of all, notice that the first Passover demonstrates the conflict between the power of Yahweh’s word and righteousness and the power of Pharaoh’s word and righteousness, just like we saw yesterday.  Pharaoh declared, “When you serve as midwife to the Hebrew women and see them on the birthstool, if it is a son, you shall kill him, but if it is a daughter, she shall live” (Exodus 1:16).  “Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, ‘Every son that is born to the Hebrews you shall cast into the Nile, but you shall let every daughter live’” (Exodus 1:22).  Years later, through His Hebrew servant whom He had protected in the midst of Pharaoh’s house, Yahweh declared to Pharaoh, “Israel is my firstborn son, and I say to you, ‘Let my son go that he may serve me.’  If you refuse to let him go, behold, I will kill your firstborn son “(Exodus 4:22-23).  Now Yahweh underlines this conflict between two authorities again when He says, “I will pass through the land of Egypt that night, and I will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and on all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments:  I am the LORD (Exodus 12:12).  On Passover night, we will see who really has power to impose his word.
         Second, notice that the Passover reveals in much greater detail one of the main themes of the whole Bible, a theme that we first saw in Genesis 3 through Adam and Eve and later with Abraham and Isaac in Genesis 22: the sacrifice of a substitute to preserve one’s own life.  Notice that the description of the Passover sacrifice in Exodus 12 focuses on the importance of blood as evidence for the sacrifice: “The blood shall be a sign for you, on the houses where you are.  And when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and no plague will befall you to destroy you, when I strike the land of Egypt (Exodus 12:13).  Blood has an essential part in the celebration of the first Passover and in almost all the sacrifices that are yet to take place.  As the New Testament tells us, “Under the law almost everything is purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness of sins” (Hebrews 9:22).  There is no redemption from slavery, no forgiveness of sins, no purification, no propitiation of Yahweh’s just wrath against sin, no freedom nor life in communion with God, if there is no blood.
         Third, notice how much space is dedicated to the instructions for Passover and its annual celebration in comparison with the narrative of the event itself.  The death of the Egyptian firstborn is summarized in a single verse (Exodus 12:29); its discovery by the Egyptians in one other (Exodus 12:30).  The Israelites are expelled from Egypt in three verses (Exodus 12:31-33), and within five more verses, everyone has left the country.  That tells us how quickly everything happened, in only one night.
         But there are also long passages explaining the preparation of the lamb and the blood, who can participate in the meal and who may not, the consecration of future firstborn sons and instruction on the significance of the Passover for coming generations.  All of this explanation reveals to us another main theme of the Bible: the instruction of future generations so that they may walk according to Yahweh’s righteousness just like their forefathers had.  The Bible tells us impressive stories, but its intention is never just to inform or entertain us but to teach us to keep Yahweh’s commandments and to train us in how to walk in a living and grateful relationship with Him.  In a few days, we will enter a section of the Bible where the teaching purpose stands out more than in any other we have seen to this point in our reading.
0 Comments

Exodus 6:28 - 10:29

1/19/2012

0 Comments

 
         Do you remember that from the first pages of the Bible, one of the main themes is Yahweh’s righteousness revealed in His just government?
         From the first verse, we have seen Yahweh’s righteousness manifest in His creation of the heavens and the earth, in His placement of limits on the destructive forces of nature, in His delegation of authority on earth to human beings and in His judgment through the worldwide flood.  We have seen it in His punishment of sinners… and in His mercy in accepting a substitute for their lives, even in the provision of the substitute.  We’ve seen His righteousness in His covenant with Abraham and his descendants, directed by grace and with the desire to bless all nations.  Through the example of Joseph and his brothers, we have seen how he examines hearts to reveal what is hidden.  And today we see another characteristic in our growing list describing Yahweh’s righteousness: He has the power to impose His justice and righteousness despite the resistance of His enemies.
         You can have nice ideas and opinions about righteousness and justice, but if you don’t have the power to impose them, your justice is weak and ineffective, simply imagination.  Yahweh, on the other hand, does not just proclaim what righteousness and justice are; He enforces them, too.  And today’s reading gives one of the unforgettable examples in the Bible of how He enforces His righteousness and justice despite opposition.
         Remember yesterday that we said a conflict emerged between the power of Yahweh’s word and the power of Pharaoh’s.  Pharaoh’s word has the power to make the Israelites moan in pain; his magicians also know how to change staffs into serpents, and they can reproduce some of the miracles that Moses and Aaron do.  But the power of God’s word surpasses them.  It extends to the waters, the earth and the sky (the three parts of creation in Genesis 1).  It touches the human body created in His image, even the bodies of His enemies (Exodus 9:11).  It distinguishes between nations in agreement with the covenant (Exodus 8:22-23; 9:4-7, 26; 10:23).  It is complete and perfect (Exodus 8:31; 9:7; 10:15).  Yahweh 9, Pharaoh 0.
         And Yahweh’s righteousness does not accept a truce with the enemy; it does not accept a competing righteousness.  Pharaoh insists on putting conditions on the Israelites’ exit; Yahweh accepts none: their leaving must be on His terms.  He insists that the redemption of His people be perfect and complete.
         As you read about the plagues, marvel over the righteous God who imposes His righteousness and justice despite the resistance of His enemies.
0 Comments

Exodus 4 - 6:27 and Psalm 56

1/17/2012

1 Comment

 
         In sending Moses to Egypt, there are several difficulties along the way.  First, Yahweh has to answer his doubts.  Second, he asks for the blessing of his father-in-law before he goes.  Third, Yahweh assures him that everyone who was seeking his death had died.  Next, Moses’ negligence in circumcising his son must be resolved, then he meets Aaron.  And when we get to the end of chapter 4, it seems like all the difficulties have been overcome: Aaron spoke all the words that the LORD had spoken to Moses and did the signs in the sight of the people.  And the people believed; and when they heard that the LORD had visited the people of Israel and that he had seen their affliction, they bowed their heads and worshiped (Exodus 4:30-31).
         Yahweh’s people joined in worship to Him!  That’s what we want to see.  Surely everything is smooth sailing from now on.
         In reality, who among them would have imagined that the real difficulties had not even begun?
         “Afterward Moses and Aaron went and said to Pharaoh, ‘Thus says the LORD, the God of Israel…” (Exodus 5:1)  They are so confident in Yahweh’s word and plan!
          But Pharaoh’s response is very revealing and sets the scene for everything that we will see in the next 11 chapters: “Who is the LORD, that I should obey his voice and let Israel go? (Exodus 5:2)  The most powerful man on earth will not simply bend his knee at the mention of a name, much less the name of a God of slaves!  “I do not know the LORD, and moreover, I will not let Israel go” (Exodus 5:2).
         But Pharaoh doesn’t just say “no”.  He sees that this is more than a request for a few days of vacation.  These slaves are not asking to worship an Egyptian god but their own God.  They are demanding to obey and worship an authority different from any recognized by the Egyptian throne.  And if these numerous slaves feel the liberty and comfort in worshiping an authority of their own, if they begin to identify themselves and obey an authority outside of the Egyptian sphere of influence, if they begin to find a legitimacy through their own religious organization… what will it end in except rebellion?
         Therefore, he doesn’t just say, “Moses and Aaron, why do you take the people away from their work?  Get back to your burdens” (Exodus 5:4).  As they began their petition by saying, “Thus says the LORD, the God of Israel…” (Exodus 5:1), Pharaoh wants to teach them who really has the authority in Egypt: “That same day Pharaoh commanded…” (Exodus 5:6)
         And it seems like Pharaoh’s word is much more effective than Yahweh’s.  The Israelites slavery grows worse, and immediately they groan in pain.  They publicly complain of Moses and Aaron’s authority, and even Moses himself cries out to Yahweh, “O Lord, why have you done evil to this people?  Why did you ever send me?  For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in your name, he has done evil to this people, and you have not delivered your people at all” (Exodus 5:22-23).  Pharaoh 1, Yahweh 0.
         But even though this situation has gone from bad to worse, notice this very important detail.  Moses does not lose faith.  He never thinks that Pharaoh’s authority is superior or even comparable to Yahweh’s; he cries out to Yahweh with the certainty that He is more powerful than Pharaoh, only Moses is confused because Yahweh hasn’t acted like he expected.
         Notice too, how Yahweh responds to Moses’ faith: “Now you shall see what I will do to Pharaoh; for with a strong hand he will send them out, and with a strong hand he will drive them out of his land” (Exodus 6:1).  In a response that underlines Yahweh’s name five times, He confirms His covenant, His promises and the new work that He is about to do.  Later, the reading ends with Aaron’s genealogy as a reminder of his legitimacy as Yahweh’s representative even in these times when it seems like he has no power or authority.
         As we finish the reading, we should reflect: who do we call on in the middle of difficulties?  When bad times appear, and especially when we are mistreated, how do we react?  Are we consumed in anxieties, wondering how we can manipulate or convince authorities who are causing us pain?  Or do we believe that the best use of our time is to kneel and cry out to the All Powerful One?
         May Moses’ example here, the first of many of Moses in prayer, encourage us to present our petitions to Yahweh, too.
1 Comment

Exodus 1 - 3 and Psalm 141

1/17/2012

0 Comments

 
         [Notice that there are two blog entries for today: one for the new Bible section covering Exodus 1 – 18 and one for today’s reading.]
         The book of Genesis finishes with great blessing.  Jacob’s family is growing in agreement with Yahweh’s promise to multiply them like the stars in the sky.  They’ve been reunited with the son that was lost decades ago.  They have Pharaoh’s approval and are a blessing to his nation.  Yahweh has worked by His grace to change the hearts of 12 brothers and discipline and mature them.  They live in a good land.  But there is something wrong, captured in the last two words of the book: “In Egypt” (Genesis 50:26).  Even though they live in a good land, it’s not the one that Yahweh promised.  Yahweh’s covenant with them is still unfulfilled.
         Yahweh already informed Abraham of the waiting period that his descendants would live out before they could move permanently to Canaan: “Know for certain that your offspring will be sojourners in a land not theirs and will be servants there, and they will be afflicted for four hundred years” (Genesis 15:13).  He told them the reason they would have to wait: “The iniquity of the Amorites is not yet complete” (Genesis 15:16).  And He made reference to His plan that would bring them back to the Promised Land: “But I will bring judgment on the nation that they serve, and afterward they shall come out with great possessions” (Genesis 15:14).  Now in the first part of the book of Exodus, these promises and trials are being put into motion.
         As you read, pay special attention to the revelation of God’s name (Exodus 3:13-15).  As He says, “This is my name forever, and thus I am to be remembered throughout all generations” (Exodus 3:15).  The name LORD (all caps) / Jehovah / Yahweh, taken from: I AM WHO I AM, expresses His existence independent of creation and without being limited or changed by time.  It expresses simultaneously that He is exalted above creation and always was, is and shall be so.
         And this fact should be glorious to the Israelites because Yahweh declares that His name, His own identity, is linked with them: “Say this to the people of Israel, ‘The LORD, the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has sent me to you.’” (Exodus 3:15).  Beyond any limit put by creation or time, He always was, is and will be faithful to His covenant by grace with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.
         And as Jesus will underline in the New Testament, our walk with Yahweh in His faithfulness and unchanging and eternal existence is not limited to our earthly life.  “And as for the resurrection of the dead, have you not read what was said to you by God: ‘I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’?  He is not God of the dead, but of the living” (Matthew 22:31-32).  That is, even though Abraham, Isaac and Jacob had died centuries before the declaration of Exodus 3:15 that Jesus quotes here, Yahweh declared His name in a present and constant form (“I am”), indicating a continuous communion with the three even though their earthly life had finished.  He is Yahweh, exalted above creation, never changing and never limited by time, always faithful to His covenant… and His chosen ones walk with Him in a living relationship unlimited by time, even beyond earthly life.
         Therefore the apostle Paul can declare with confidence, “For I am sure that neither death nor life, nor angels nor rulers, nor things present nor things to come, nor powers, nor height nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord” (Romans 8:38-39).  He knows what the name Yahweh indicates and celebrates our link with Him by grace through faith in Jesus Christ.
         With this in mind, notice the use of the name LORD / Jehovah / Yahweh in the Old Testament: it’s going to appear more than 6000 times and sometimes with other titles and descriptions that will reveal more and more of His glory.  Notice that in these readings from the first part of Exodus, we will see it related especially with His faithfulness and redemption.
0 Comments

Exodus 1 - 18 (the third unit of the Bible)

1/17/2012

0 Comments

 
         Congratulations on finishing the second of 20 units to read the whole Bible!  I hope your reading of Genesis 12 – 50 has been a great blessing.  Remember some of the main themes that are going to be important in all the rest of your Bible reading:
         1.  Yahweh’s covenant with Abraham
         2.  Yahweh’s grace
         3.  His provision of a substitutionary sacrifice
         4.  By grace Yahweh disciplines and transforms His chosen ones
         5.  By grace He examines and tests their hearts
         6.  By grace He gives them prophecy to build up, exhort, console, teach and guide His people to repentance so that they can enjoy the future fulfillment of His promises.
         When we consider all of this along with what we learned in the first 11 chapters, who would have thought that God had so much to teach us in just one book of the Bible?
         Now we go on to the third unit of the Bible: Exodus 1 – 18, a unit of only 6 readings according to the calendar, from January 17th through the 22nd.  While you read it, notice the following observations:
         1)  The main events of the unit: Yahweh redeems Israel from slavery in Egypt.
         2)  Yahweh’s attributes that stand out: His power to judge, His faithfulness
         3)  Yahweh’s main work: The redemption of His chosen people and judgment of Pharaoh
         4)  The main participants: Moses, Aaron and their generation
         5)  The main reference to Jesus Christ and the gospel: The Passover sacrifice.  In the New Testament the apostle Paul will tell us, “For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed” (1 Corinthians 5:7).
         6)  Key observation: If the Hebrew slaves had taken up arms and risen up in rebellion against the Egyptians, how many from the chosen nation would have died?  Would they have won, or would their slavery have just gotten worse?  Would they have been wiped out?  If they had gained their liberty by their own strength, who would have led them, and where?  When we see the impressive power of Yahweh’s plagues and the miracles, we should be equally impressed with His careful preservation and mercy toward His chosen people.  When the Lord fights Israel’s battles, they are protected and have nothing to fear.
         May God bless your reading of this new section!
0 Comments

Genesis 48 - 50 and Psalm 28

1/16/2012

0 Comments

 
         In today’s reading, the last from the book of Genesis, we have a long passage (almost all chapter 49) from the Biblical genre called prophecy.  First, let’s define prophecy in accordance with the apostle Paul’s explanation in 1 Corinthians 14.
         First he says, “The one who prophesies speaks to people for their upbuilding and encouragement and consolation” (1 Corinthians 14:3).
         1)  “The one who prophesies speaks to people”…  In the following verse, 1 Corinthians 14:4, Paul specifies who these people are: “The one who prophesies builds up the church.”  That is, prophecy is first of all for the community of faith.  Soon we will see that prophecy can be directed to non-believers also, but its main audience is the people of faith.  (For example, Genesis 49 is directed to Jacob’s sons, not to their Egyptian neighbors.)
         2)  …“for upbuilding”…  It edifies, grows and matures listeners in their relationship with Yahweh.  Prophecy may speak of horrible destruction and condemnation but only to those who oppose Yahweh’s righteousness.  It builds up those who live by faith in His righteousness.
         3)  …“encouragement”…  Encouragement or exhortation has three steps when it is complete:
           a) it portrays the listener’s present situation and clarifies it according to God’s perspective, then communicates to the listener that he is not following God;
           b) it portrays the new situation that the listener should be walking in;
           c) it encourages him to make the necessary changes to leave situation a) and enter into situation b).
         4)  …“consolation”…  Prophecy consoles the listener who is suffering for following Yahweh’s righteousness and encourages him to keep marching forward in Yahweh’s power despite the present difficulties.
         Paul also explains, “But if all prophesy, and an unbeliever or outsider enters, he is convicted by all, he is called to account by all, the secrets of his heart are disclosed, and so, falling on his face, he will worship God and declare that God is really among you” (1 Corinthians 14:24-25).
         1.  “But if all prophesy, and an unbeliever or outsider enters”…  Prophecy, although directed above all to the community of faith, can be directed to outsiders also.
         2.  …“he is convicted”…  The listener now understands that he has thought and acted against Yahweh’s righteousness.
         3.  …“he is called to account”…  Through prophecy, the listener recognizes he is guilty for his unrighteousness, that he deserves punishment and condemnation from God for his sins.
         4.  …“the secrets of his heart are disclosed”…  His hidden sins and perverse motives that he followed are now brought to light.  Notice that this aspect of prophecy is declared to unbelievers and also to members of the community of faith who are walking in unrighteousness.
         5.  …“falling on his face, he will worship God”…  The purpose of prophecy is the repentance of listeners and their restoration to God’s ways.
         6.  …“declaring that God is really among you.”  Prophecy is a manifestation that God is with His people.
         Shortly thereafter, Paul highlights other aspects of prophecy: “If a revelation is made to another sitting there, let the first be silent.  For you can all prophesy one by one, so that all may learn and all be encouraged” (1 Corinthians 14:30-31).  Note three more observations about prophecy:
         1.  “If a revelation is made to another”…  Prophecy is distinguished from other spiritual gifts like teaching because it includes revelation.  The Spirit of God reveals something to the one prophesying that is not immediately accessible by logic, previous preparation, simple observation or the repeating of a lesson learned.  That doesn’t mean prophecy is illogical or mystical, but that its origin is in Yahweh and it is transmitted by the one speaking.
         2.  …“let the first be silent”…  The one who prophesies does not enter into ecstasy.  He is in complete control of himself.  He can speak or right away be quiet without any difficulty.
         3.  …“so that all may learn”…  Besides the functions of building up, encouragement, consolation, and conviction of sins like we saw earlier, prophecy also teaches: it communicates to Yahweh’s people what He is like in His righteousness and how to relate to Him in faith and obedience.
         We’re going to add a little more to Paul’s definition of prophecy in 1 Corinthians 14 by identifying another characteristic that it sometimes has and that appears here in Genesis 49: prophecy exhorts listeners by revealing the future.  Notice that prophecy never reveals the future just to inform listeners or to give them some intellectual satisfaction, but it always exhorts them to act in accordance with Yahweh’s righteousness.  Prophecy, when it speaks of the future, tries to impact the present-day life of its listeners.
         Jacob prophesies with all of these intentions in mind in Genesis 49.  By Yahweh’s revelation of the future of the covenant community, Jacob wants to teach, build up, encourage and console his sons and the generations that will follow them so that they avoid sin and walk in Yahweh’s righteousness in preparation for His fulfillment of His promises.  As they wait, they should repeat these prophecies to one another to remind themselves of Yahweh’s faithful presence with them.
         With this definition guiding us like a compass pointing north, let’s quickly review Genesis 49 to see some of its prophecies that stand out.
         Reuben (Genesis 49:3-4): Notice the difference between his potential in verse 3 and what he lost in verse 4 because of his instability and sexual sin described in Genesis 35:22.  Although he is the firstborn, he will not receive the birthright (as 1 Chronicles 5:1-2 confirms).
         Simeon and Levi (Genesis 49:5-7): They are reproved for their extreme violence in reaction to Dinah’s defilement in Genesis 34.  He also reveals the consequences for their sin: “I will divide them in Jacob and scatter them in Israel” (Genesis 49:7).  Simeon’s descendants will receive an inheritance when they return to Canaan, but as time goes on they will lose their identity and will be assimilated into the tribe of Judah.  Levi’s descendants will be scattered throughout Canaan but for a more noble purpose; as we will see in the book of Exodus and later, they will be the priestly tribe of Israel.
         Judah (Genesis 49:8-12): He is compared to a lion because of its noble strength and its ability to awaken fear and admiration in all its enemies.  He reveals that the scepter, representing kingship, will continue with Judah until it comes to one identified as Shiloh (a difficult word to translate from Hebrew; scholars point to several possibilities, traditionally taken as messianic in meaning), and the peoples or nations will be gathered to him or obedient to him.  Jacob says, “Binding his foal to the vine” (Genesis 49:11), a strange picture because you don’t tie foals to vines… they will eat them!  Neither do you wash your clothes in wine (Genesis 49:11).  But what Jacob is communicating to Judah and his descendants is that the common agricultural products of the region (grapes, wine, milk) will be so plentiful and with so much prosperity around them that it won’t matter if someone’s donkey eats his choice vines: there will be choice vines everywhere, and wine will be as common as water.
         Zebulun (Genesis 49:13): His prosperity in maritime trading is going to be comparable to the prosperity of Sidon, one of the most famous ports of antiquity.
         Issachar (Genesis 49:14-15): He’s strong, but because of his laziness and desire for comfort, his strength will be used to serve others.
         Dan (Genesis 49:16-17): He will be small but dangerous to those who seem stronger than him, just like a serpent can bring down a rider on a horse.
         I wait for your salvation, O LORD (Genesis 49:18).  In the middle of his prophecy, Jacob wants to remind his sons that everything he is revealing to them is by God’s grace in salvation, not as a recompense for their own righteousness.
         Gad (Genesis 49:19): They will suffer invasion and defeat but eventually will fight back and cause their enemies to flee.
         Asher (Genesis 49:20): He will produce the quality reserved for kings in abundance.
         Naphtali (Genesis 49:21): He will enjoy gracefulness in words and family.
         Joseph (Genesis 49:22-26): Remember that Joseph receives the birthright that Reuben lost, the eldest son’s two portions of the inheritance divided equally among all the sons.  One portion of that birthright goes to his son Ephraim and the other to Manasseh in accordance with their “adoption” and blessing by Jacob in Genesis 48.  Notice that this prophecy emphasizes prosperity despite severe persecution and extends into praise for Yahweh who has protected and prospered Joseph, to the point of referring to eternal blessings that he will receive.  Jacob expresses himself like someone who finds that his words are insufficient to grasp the marvels of Yahweh and the blessings that He pours out on His chosen one.
         Benjamin (Genesis 49:27): As Judah was compared to a lion, Benjamin is compared to a wolf, also in a positive sense.  He catches prey and since he has more than enough, he shares it with his brothers.
         Through these words from their forefather Israel, his sons and descendants would be taught, built up, encouraged, exhorted, consoled and convicted of their sins for repentance in the years of waiting before returning to the land of Canaan.  It would even serve as a reminder and prophecy for the years afterwards.  They should remember that even though Israel and their other forefathers had died, their God would never abandon them: He would relate to them by grace and in faithfulness to His covenant, and they should respond in devotion demonstrated in righteousness.
         And so we close our readings from the time of the patriarchs of Israel and the book of Genesis, with our sights set on the future manifestations of Yahweh’s grace toward His chosen people.
0 Comments

Genesis 44 - 47

1/14/2012

0 Comments

 
         Another aspect of Yahweh’s righteousness is that He knows how to examine the hearts of men and reveal what they have hidden (Jeremiah 17:9-10).  Joseph reflects this attribute of Yahweh when he examines his brothers’ hearts through a series of tests that are impressive in all their details.
         First, the accusation that they are spies is very astute.  Why would so many men travel together without their wives and children?  He catches them off guard and immediately puts them on the defensive.  And listen closely to what they say when they defend themselves: “We are all sons of one man.  We are honest men” (Genesis 42:11).  Honest men?  That is how they are going to defend themselves in front of the brother whom they sold into slavery?  (Of course, they don’t know it is him.)
         When Joseph insists that they are spies, they reveal more information, and that’s when they fall into a trap: “We, your servants, are twelve brothers” (Genesis 42:13).  One, two, three, four… apparently you are only ten.  And where are the other two brothers, oh spies who can’t even count correctly?  “Behold, the youngest is this day with our father, and one is no more” (Genesis 42:13).  Oh, now I see!  One stayed home and the other simply disappeared, right?  It sounds like a lie that they came up with on the spot just to make up the difference between the 10 men present and the 12 that they said they were.  “It is as I said to you.  You are spies” (Genesis 42:14).
         Joseph presents his first plan: “By this you shall be tested: by the life of Pharaoh, you shall not go from this place unless your youngest brother comes here.  Send one of you, and let him bring your brother, while you remain confined, that your words may be tested, whether there is truth in you.  Or else, by the life of Pharaoh, surely you are spies” (Genesis 42:16).  An excellent plan!  The supposed “brother” will come without seeing or interviewing the others and will have to identify them all thoroughly with a knowledge of each that only a brother would have.
         So Joseph puts them in jail for three days (Genesis 42:17).  Let them feel the desperation that comes from lying at the bottom of a cistern without knowing how to get out.  Let them think long and hard about the connection between what they did to Joseph and what’s happening to them now.
         And let them notice the big difference between their imprisonment of Joseph and their imprisonment by the governor of Egypt: “I fear God” (Genesis 42:18).  Do the brothers understand how they would have acted differently that day if they had feared God?
         “If you are honest men…” (Genesis 42:19)  How those words should have entered like a thorn prick into their sensitive consciences!  “Let one of your brothers remained confined where you are in custody, and let the rest go and carry grain for the famine of your households [mercy and generosity!], and bring your youngest brother to me.  So your words will be verified, and you shall not die (Genesis 42:19-20).
         And the brothers understood the lesson!  “Then they said to one another, ‘In truth we are guilty concerning our brother, in that we saw the distress of his soul, when he begged us and we did not listen.  That is why this distress has come upon us’” (Genesis 42:21).
         Afterwards in Canaan, the brothers, specifically Judah, passed the next part of the lesson.  First, Jacob grows desperate and resists every attempt to send Benjamin to Egypt.  Reuben can only insist foolishly, “Kill my two sons if I do not bring him back to you.  Put him in my hands, and I will bring him back to you” (Genesis 42:37).  (Is he that clueless to think that his father’s soul will be consoled in the loss of another son by killing two of his grandchildren?)  While the whole family argues in circles, in walks Judah, a changed man.
         This Judah is experienced in humiliation and brokenness.  His lack of integrity was revealed to all.  He more than probably anyone else felt the pain of a guilty conscience in the three days in jail in Egypt: he wanted to kill Joseph, too, but was the one who suggested that he be sold into slavery (Genesis 37:26-27).  Judah not only saw his father’s anguish from the loss of Joseph over all those years, but he too lost his wife and two sons.  How many times did he lie awake at night, wondering if the loss of his sons was some recompense for what he did to Joseph?  He understands his father’s desperation to protect Benjamin: he did the same thing, doing everything possible to preserve the life of his third and last son.  If anyone could understand Jacob’s fear, pain and anguish, it was Judah.  And he offered to stand in for Benjamin and protect him.
         “And Judah said to Israel his father, ‘Send the boy with me, and we will arise and go, that we may live and not die, both we and you and also our little ones.  I will be a pledge of his safety.  From my hand you shall require him.  If I do not bring him back to you and set him before you, then let me bear the blame forever’” (Genesis 43:8-9).
         So Jacob sends Benjamin.  Always thinking of gifts to appease another’s anger, he sends some of the choice fruits of the land as gifts to the governor of Egypt (but this time, not in excessive value or quantities).  He blesses them, but he prepares himself for the worst: “May God Almighty grant you mercy before the man, and may he send back your other brother and Benjamin.  And as far as me, if I am bereaved of my children, I am bereaved” (Genesis 43:14).
         The brothers return to Egypt, anxious and attentive to showing honesty and righteousness in everything they do.  They’re surprised that they’re invited to a meal.  Not only that, but they are seated around the table in the order of their birth: “And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright and the youngest according to his youth.  And the men looked at each other in amazement” (Genesis 43:33).  Who put all 11 of them in the right order?  Somebody who knew them was directing the whole event.  “Portions were taken to them from Joseph’s table, but Benjamin’s portion was five times as much as any of theirs (Genesis 43:34).  Maybe the brothers don’t realize it, but this is another test.  How are they going to react when one of them is shown obvious preference above the others?  Are they going to complain?  Get jealous?  Argue?  Thanks be to God, they pass the test: “And they drank and were merry with him” (Genesis 43:34).
         But they still have one test remaining.  How are they going to react when someone wants to separate them from their father’s favorite?  They willingly handed him over for twenty pieces of silver years ago.  Are they going to go back to Canaan content with their hidden money this time, leaving their father’s favorite in Egypt like they did with Joseph?  A changed family answers, especially a changed Judah: “For your servant became a pledge of safety for the boy to my father, saying, ‘If I do not bring him back to you, then I shall bear the blame before my father all my life.’  Now therefore, please let your servant remain instead of the boy as a servant to my lord, and let the boy go back with his brothers.  For how can I go back to my father if the boy is not with me?  I fear to see the evil that would find my father” (Genesis 44:32-34).
         The test uncovers a changed heart, one that would rather sacrifice itself for the good of the preferred brother and for his father rather than see them suffer, an attitude completely different from the one that sold Joseph into slavery years ago.  They are not honest men, but they are repentant and changed men.  And soon they will be forgiven and blessed men as well: “I am your brother, Joseph, whom you sold into Egypt.  And now do not be distressed or angry with yourselves because you sold me here, for God sent me before you to preserve life. (Genesis 45:4-5).
         There will be other kings and prophets in the Old Testament with God-given discernment into the hearts of men: Samuel will anoint the youngest son of Jesse as king (1 Samuel 16:6-13); Nathan, will communicate conviction of sin to king David through a parable (2 Samuel 12:1-14); Solomon will have to identify a baby’s real mother (1 Reyes 3:16-28); Daniel will interpret another king’s dream and will even inform him what he dreamed (Daniel 2).  But there is probably no other who tests the hearts of another group of men so thoroughly and extensively as Joseph tested his brothers.
         And all these men of God are simply a reflection of the One who knows all men’s hearts perfectly.  “Jesus on his part did not entrust himself to them, because he knew all people and needed no one to bear witness about man, for he himself knew what was in man” (John 2:24-25).  “I am he who searches mind and heart, and I will give to each of you according to your works” (Revelation 2:23).  Jesus demonstrates perfect, limitless, profound, clear and effective discernment.
         May the Lord Jesus give us wisdom and discernment to examine hearts so that His righteousness manifests itself in the government of our families, our workplaces, our communities and our churches.  And may He find our hearts repentant and changed, too.
0 Comments

Genesis 41 - 43

1/14/2012

2 Comments

 
         Do you remember about 12 days ago when we read Genesis 2 and said one of the main themes of the Bible is the righteousness of God and His just government of creation?  We also said that He gave human beings the authority to govern all the earth in agreement with His just government and in submission to Him.  Now in the last chapters of Genesis we have the example of some who did it right.
         Bothered by two dreams, the most powerful man on the earth at that time did not know how to respond until he heard their interpretation from a lowly, forgotten Hebrew recently plucked from the jail.  Notice how Joseph underlines from the very beginning: “It’s not in me; God will give Pharaoh a favorable answer” (Genesis 41:16).  Then he repeats, “God has revealed to Pharaoh what he is about to do” (Genesis 41:25).  “God has shown to Pharaoh what he is about to do” (Genesis 41:28).  “And the doubling of Pharaoh’s dream means that the thing is fixed by God, and God will shortly bring it about” (Genesis 41:32).
         Pharaoh responds in accordance with God’s righteous government and gives His chosen one ample authority to govern righteously and in submission to him.  “‘Can we find a man like this, in whom is the Spirit of God?’  Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, ‘Since God has shown you all this, there is none so discerning and wise as you are.  You shall be over my house, and all my people shall order themselves as you command.  Only as regards the throne will I be greater than you.’  And Pharaoh said to Joseph, ‘See, I have set you over all the land of Egypt’” (Genesis 41:38-41).  Notice the wide authority with one prohibition, just like Yahweh had given Adam!
         In accordance with the times revealed to Pharaoh in his dreams (remember that Yahweh in His righteousness puts a limit on the destructive forces of nature: the famine although severe, will have a limit of seven years), Joseph begins to govern in integrity and righteousness.  And the blessing of his just government reaches all nations: “All the earth came to Egypt to Joseph to buy grain, because the famine was severe over all the earth” (Genesis 41:57).
         Here in Joseph and Pharaoh we have an example of what Yahweh has desired since the beginning:
         1.  One chosen by God who governs with wide authority but always in submission to the higher authority,
         2.  who governs in integrity and in agreement with God’s righteousness,
         3.  and who governs for the good of all the nations.
And his government will be for God’s glory, as Joseph will tell his brothers at the end of the book: “As for you, you meant evil against me, but God meant it for good, to bring it about that many people should be kept alive, as they are today” (Genesis 50:20).
         May God receive glory as we also govern with integrity and righteousness within the limits of our authority: in our families, in our workplaces, in our communities and above all in our churches.  May we make wise decisions in agreement with God’s righteousness.  May we act in concert with the authorities that God has placed above and around us for the blessing of all the nations.
2 Comments

Genesis 37 - 40 and Psalm 123

1/13/2012

0 Comments

 
         In today’s reading we have two men in contrast.
         First consider Joseph, hated by his brothers because of their father’s favoritism and his dreams of superiority.  Second, think about Judah, the one who encouraged the rejection of his brother and his sale into slavery.
         In today’s reading, both of them leave their families and enter into the world of the foreigners: Joseph is put in Egypt by force and Judah, of his own will, enters the world of the Canaanites.
         Joseph demonstrates integrity when he is tested… but in keeping it, he suffers unjustly.  Judah is free and seems to enjoy some financial and social success among the Canaanites, but by the end of chapter 38, his lack of integrity is displayed before everyone.
         Two patriarchs go through trials among foreigners, and by the end of the reading, both of them are in shame… but one has his integrity intact; the other doesn’t.
         What is revealed in our lives when we are outside our family circle?
         When we have to suffer shame, what in our lives causes it – integrity, or a lack of integrity?
0 Comments
<<Previous
Forward>>

    Author

    Ken Kytle serves as pastor of Iglesia bautista La fe en Cristo near Atlanta, Georgia.

    Archives

    June 2014
    March 2013
    January 2013
    November 2012
    July 2012
    May 2012
    April 2012
    March 2012
    February 2012
    January 2012
    December 2011
    November 2011

    Categories

    All
    1 Corinthians
    1 Chronicles
    1 Kings
    1 Samuel
    20 Units
    2 Chronicles
    2 Kings
    2 Samuel
    Deuteronomy
    Esther
    Exodus
    Ezra
    General
    Genesis
    Job
    Joshua
    Judges
    Leviticus
    Nehemiah
    Numbers
    Psalms
    Ruth

    RSS Feed

Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates.